ABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Comparar la efectividad del cálculo del poder dióptrico de la lente intraocular con IOL Master y el método de biometría por aplanación convencional. MÉTODOS: Se seleccionó una muestra de 100 ojos (pacientes) mediante un muestreo simple aleatorio, en el Servicio de Catarata del Centro de Microcirugía Ocular, con diagnóstico de catarata unilateral o bilateral en la consulta preoperatorio, desde marzo hasta septiembre de 2006. Se clasificaron en dos grupos según el método utilizado para el cálculo de la lente intraocular. Se analizaron las variables: longitud axial media preoperatoria, promedio queratométrico preoperatorio, componente esférico esperado y obtenido, agudeza visual sin corrección y mejor agudeza visual corregida preoperatoria y posoperatoria. El análisis estadístico de los resultados se realizó mediante un análisis de varianza, la prueba t de Student de comparación de medias para datos pareados y chi cuadrado. Se utilizó un nivel de confiabilidad de 95 por ciento. RESULTADOS: Entre los principales resultados se encontró que la diferencia de las longitudes axiales entre los métodos IOL Master y biometría por aplanación A-Scan fue estadísticamente significativa. La agudeza visual sin corrección aumentó cuatro líneas y la mejor agudeza visual corregida seis líneas en el posoperatorio de los pacientes del grupo I. El 90 por ciento de los pacientes del grupo I, o sea, los calculados con IOL Master quedaron en la emetropía en cuanto al componente esférico. CONCLUSIONES: Se evidenció una diferencia significativa e inferior a la encontrada en estudios internacionales entre las longitudes axiales preoperatorias halladas mediante los métodos IOL Master y biometría por aplanación; resultaron superiores las calculadas por IOL Master. Se obtuvo ganancia en las líneas de la Cartilla de Snellen tanto de la agudeza visual sin corrección como la mejor agudeza visual corregida en ambos grupos (superior en el grupo II). Predomina ron los resultados refrac...
OBJECTIVE: to compare the effectiveness of the intraocular lens dioptric power calculation using IOL Master and the conventional applanation biometry. METHODS: A sample of 100 eyes (patients), diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral cataract in the preoperative consultation service, was selected through simple random sampling in the Ocular Microsurgery Center in the period from March to September, 2006. They were divided into two groups based on the method for intraocular lens calculation. The variables were preoperative mean axial length, preoperative keratometric average, expected and obtained spheral component, visual acuity without correction and better corrected visual acuity preoperatively and postoperatively. The statistical analysis of the results was made by variance analysis, Student's t test for paired mean comparisons and Chi square. The confidence level of 95 percent was used. RESULTS: Among the main results, it was found that the axial length differences between IOL Master and A-Scan applanation biometry was statistically significant. Visual acuity without correction increased 4 lines and the best corrected visual acuity increased 6 lines in the postoperative period of the group I patients. Ninety percent of the group I patients, whose visual acuity was calculated with IOL Master, reached emetropia in terms of the spheral component. CONCLUSIONS: A significant difference but lower than that found in the international studies among the preoperative axial lengths calculated through ILO Master and applanation biometry were evinced. The differences were higher in the lenghts calculated by IOL Master. There was improvement in the number of lines of Snellen´s chart both in the visual acuity without correction and the better corrected visual acuity in the two groups; being better in group II. The refractive results tending to emetropy prevailed, taking into consideration the spheral component reached in both groups, which were also higher in group I
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Biometry/methods , Lenses, Intraocular/history , Microscopy, Interference/methods , Prospective StudiesABSTRACT
Cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation has become the most common and most successful of all operations in medicine. Sir Harold Ridley's first cataract extraction with implantation of an IOL marked the beginning of a major change in the practice of ophthalmology. Millions of patients worldwide have benefited from Sir Ridley's invention, and are likely to continue to derive benefit from this device. However, the development of the IOL was not without its share of ups and downs. Sir Harold Ridley, the inventor of IOL, died at the age of 94, on 25 May 2001, and ophthalmology lost one of its greatest and most influential practitioners. We are happy that he lived to enjoy the fruits of his labour--to see the amazing improvements and the expansive growth that evolved in the cataract-IOL technique, from early and unsatisfactory operations in previous decades, to the superb results attainable today. The invention of the IOL has not been just the addition of one new form of treatment, but rather, Sir Harold's tiny disc-shaped sliver of plastic has changed the world so that our patients may better see it. This article presents a brief biographical sketch of Sir Harold and lists his major inventions and contributions to ophthalmology.
Subject(s)
Cataract Extraction/history , England , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/history , Lenses, Intraocular/history , Ophthalmology/historyABSTRACT
El implante de lentes intraoculares es ya una tecnología incorporada y aceptda por todas las escuelas del mundo, después de más de 40 años de haberse implantado el primer lente en Inglaterra y de una permanente evolución en busca del método ideal (1). Sin lugar a duda ha sido el invento más revolucionario de la oftalmología en el presente siglo y sólo en los E.U. se han implantado más de seis millones de lentes intraoculares (2). En Colombia los lentes intraoculares han desplazado casi totalmente la antigua técnica de la extracción intracapsular y puede decirse que hoy en día la afaquina es una enfermedad y las indicaciones de cirugía intracapsular han desaparecido casi totalmente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Aphakia , Cataract/therapy , Lenses, Intraocular/history , Lenses, IntraocularABSTRACT
One may divide the history of artificial intraocular lens [IOL] into four periods: the age of myth, when in the ancient folklore and fairy tales magical crystals or precious stones gave the blind an extraordinary ability to see; the age of cocept, when in the 18th century some maverick oculists conceived that cataract could be replaced by an artificial lens, but failed to practically achieve it; the age of realization, when in 1949 Ridley first successfully implanted an IOL following cataract extraction; and the age of refinement, the modern era in which IOL implantation has become a routine therapy for cataract. The greater part of credit goes to technological advances rather than to ideation in ushering in this modern period. The modern surgery uses the anterior chamber, the pupil, or the posterior chamber for the intraocular fixation of the lens implant. However, because of its superior record of safety and success, the posterior chamber IOL implantation has now become the most popular technique. This technique has also proved helpful in restoring useful sight in situations where previously it would not have been possible without resorting to very extensive and complex surgical procedures. Hence, a simple posterior chamber IOL implantation restored useful sight in a 67-year-old man with a 21-year old traumatic cataract and extensive fibrovascular adhesions of the anterior segment with only a small portion of the cornea remaining clear; a 16-years-old girl with a traumatic cataract and thick central vascularized capsulocorneal adhesions; a 64-year-old man with a subluxated traumatic cataract, vitreous prolapse in the anterior chamber, and glaucoma; and a 70-year-old man with bilateral cataracts, basal cell carcinoma that had completely destroyed the nose, and keratinization of the nasal conjunctivae from irradiation of this tumor. Finally, the possibility that the anticipated advances in laser corneal sculpting and photorefractive surgery might render the present day IOL implantation surgery obsolete in the future is most exciting. [Pakistan Journal of Ophthalmology 8:33-38, April, 1992]
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Lenses, Intraocular/historyABSTRACT
Se revisan los resultados del implante de 405 lentes Intra-Oculares en camara posterior en la FUNDACION OFTALMOLOGICA DE SANTANDER, durante el periodo comprendido entre el 25 de enero de 1985 y el 5 de julio de 1986; se encuentran resultados en agudeza visual post-operatoria mejores a 20/30 en el 83.4% y 20/50 en 8.3% de los pacientes. Se observa un numero menor de complicaciones a las esperadas con otras tecnicas operatorias antiguas. Se comprueba una disminucion en las cifras tonomeicas en el post-operatorio. Se presentan las conclusiones y recomendaciones sobre los resultados obtenidos. La tecnica para el tratamiento de la catarata con extraccion e implante de lente en camara posterior, demuestra su bondad en terminos de funcionalidad visual y confort para el paciente